EMT-B SUBSTAINMENT Quiz 8

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  1. Connective bands of tissue attaching muscle to bone are called:

    2. Your answer:
    fascia
    ligaments
    cartilage
    tendons

  2. During extrication, a short spine board should only be used to immobilize a patient who is:

    3. Your answer:
    standing
    prone
    supine
    sitting

  3. To prevent pressure and discomfort, all rigid splints should be:

    4. Your answer:
    padded
    wide
    aluminum
    secure

  4. The dura mater, pia mater, and arachnoid are layers of tissue that enclose the brain and spinal cord. Together, they are called the:

    5. Your answer:
    brain stem
    meninges
    motor nerves
    spinal cord

  5. What is the direction of pull when you apply traction to an injured extremity?

    6. Your answer:
    in the opposite direction of the deformity
    in-line with the deformity
    in-line with the long axis of the limb
    in-line with the muscle contractions

  6. As you assess a conscious patient, you should examine the lower extremities for:

    7. Your answer:
    strength
    distraction
    priapism
    distension

  7. When you suspect a head injury, it is important to look at:

    8. Your answer:
    personal safety
    the mechanism of injury
    the mechanism of extraction
    scene safety

  8. Splinting an injured hand includes:

    9. Your answer:
    immoblizing the hand in a flat, extended position
    no immobilization
    placing the hand in a closed fist position
    placing the hand in a position of function

  9. Bone marrow produces:

    10. Your answer:
    lymphocytes
    platelets
    red blood cells
    white blood cells

  10. After applying a sling to support an injured upper extremity, you should apply:

    11. Your answer:
    a splint
    a swathe
    a bandage
    traction

  11. Spinal cord injury caused by automobile accidents most commonly causes injury to which part of the spine?

    12. Your answer:
    sacral
    cervical
    lumbar
    thoracic

  12. The motion of rotating a limb inward and across the midline is known as:

    13. Your answer:
    extension
    adduction
    abduction
    flexion

  13. What is the last step in examing and stabilizing an injury?

    14. Your answer:
    obtain baseline vital signs
    reassess pulse, motor function, and sensation
    apply manual traction
    secure the entire injured extremity

  14. Face cages on football helmets are attached with clips. They can be removed quickly by:

    15. Your answer:
    pulling
    lifting
    unsnapping
    cutting

  15. Which of the following structures need to be immobilized above and below a joint injury?

    16. Your answer:
    bones
    joints
    extremities
    muscles

  16. Your first step in assessing whether a patient has a possible spinal injury is to:

    17. Your answer:
    question the patient about areas of pain or weakness
    palpate the spine for deformity or tenderness
    examine the face and neck for contusions
    ask the patient to wiggle the toes and fingers

  17. Bleeding may be more than expected with injuries to the:

    18. Your answer:
    nose
    scalp
    chest
    forearm

  18. How should you treat a possible fracture?

    19. Your answer:
    when in doubt, splint the injury
    never elevate a splinted extremity
    apply traction to all fractures
    assess pulse, motor function, and sensation proximal to the injury site

  19. If you already know the mechanism of injury, how could you determine if there is a spinal injury in a conscious patient?

    20. Your answer:
    in-line stabilization method used
    extrication methods used
    history and physical exam
    patient's ability to answer questions

  20. You should immobilize all suspected spinal injuries in:

    21. Your answer:
    the prone position
    the position of deformity
    the neutral in-line position
    traction splints

  21. The area of the head that contains and protects the brain is called the:

    22. Your answer:
    cerebrum
    cerebellum
    clavicle
    cranium

  22. Immobilization of an injured joint should include the:

    23. Your answer:
    joints above and below the injury
    bones above and below the injury
    injured joint and the bone distal to the injury
    injured joint and the immediate distal joint

  23. Injuries of the lower extremities may indicate a problem with what area of the spine?

    24. Your answer:
    cervical
    lumbar
    coccygeal
    thoracic

  24. All injuries to bones and joints should be splinted:

    25. Your answer:
    with traction splints
    before other life-threathening problems
    prior to transportation
    with a pneumatic antishock garmey (PASG)

  25. What are the two most used types of helmets?

    26. Your answer:
    bicycle and sports
    motorcycle and diving
    sports and motorcycle
    motorcycles and bicycle

  26. Applying a splint too tightly can:

    27. Your answer:
    limit mobility
    enhance circulation
    reduce apin
    reduce distal circulation

  27. Your goal in treating extremity injuries is to reduce:

    28. Your answer:
    pain and prevent circulation
    pain and prevent further injury
    infection and provide comfort
    infection and prevent further injury

  28. Which of the following types of immobilization should be applied until an injury site is splinted?

    29. Your answer:
    manual
    mechanical
    passive
    traction

  29. Once a cervical collar is in place, the collar should support the mandible (lower jaw) and sit on the:

    30. Your answer:
    shoulder girdle
    upper extremities
    ribs
    scapula

  30. Into what two parts is the nervous system divided?

    31. Your answer:
    sensory and somatic
    peripheral and somatic
    sensory and autonomic
    central and peripheral

  31. What is the mechanism of injury when a bone breaks at the point of impact with a solid object?

    32. Your answer:
    indirect force
    direct force
    twisting
    fatigue

  32. Which of the following treatments helps prevent motion of bone fragments or anuglated joints?

    33. Your answer:
    dressing
    splinting
    assessing
    bandaging

  33. When treating a patient with a suspected pelvic bone injury, you should:

    34. Your answer:
    routinely apply and inflate a pneumatic antishock garmet (PASG)
    immobilize the patient on a spine board and them elevate the head of the stretcher
    compress the pelvis to determine the presence of tenderness
    expect to observe gross deformity in the majority of cases

  34. You do not have a cervical collar to fit a patient with a possible spine injury. You are also unable to move the head into the in-line position. Your first step should be to:

    35. Your answer:
    use sandbags to stabilize the head
    use IV bags to stabilize the head
    apply any cervical collar since it is better than no collar
    use a rolled towel and tape the head to a spine board

  35. You arrive on the scene of a motorcycle accident. The patient has point tenderness from the fifth to the seventh cervical vertebrae, but is able to move all extremities. The patient has a pulse of 92/min and normal respirations of 16/min. The patient is wearing an open-face helmet. Cervical immobilization would include:

    36. Your answer:
    leaving the helmet in place and securing the patient to a spine board
    removing the helmet prior to immobilization
    cutting the helmet off at the scene
    applying a cervical collar prior to removal of the helmet

  36. The most important observation you can make and record in a patient with a head injury is any change in the:

    37. Your answer:
    blood pressure and pulse rate
    respiratory rate and pattern
    level of consciousness
    neurologic status of the extermities

  37. Which part of the nervous system is an extension of the brain and is protected by the spinal canal?

    38. Your answer:
    spinal cord
    motor nerves
    meninges
    brain stem

  38. You are called to a home where a patient has fallen down some stairs. You find the patient sitting in a chair. A short spine board should be used on this patient because:

    39. Your answer:
    no spinal immobilization is needed
    it makes it easier to move the patient
    it is a safeguard changing a spinal injury into spinal cord damage
    only a cervical collar is needed

  39. Muscles allow body:

    40. Your answer:
    development
    circulation
    movement
    structure

  40. How many vertebrae protect the spinal cord?

    41. Your answer:
    7
    33
    31
    12

  41. During a four-person logroll, the rescurer in charge is at the patient's

    42. Your answer:
    chest
    lower extremities
    waist
    head

  42. After ensuring an open airway in a patient with a spinal injury, your next step should be to:

    43. Your answer:
    apply the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver
    apply cervical traction
    complete a detailed physical exam
    apply in-line cervical stabilization

  43. An 82-year-old man is complaining of pain in his right hip. His right leg is externally rotated and shortened. Which of the following devices should be used to move him?

    44. Your answer:
    stair chair
    long backboard
    stokes stretcher
    portable stretcher

  44. What is the most common sign or symptom of a fracture?

    45. Your answer:
    ecchymosis
    edema
    pain
    deformity

  45. The four major functions of skeletal system are form, support, movement, and:

    46. Your answer:
    shape
    stature
    locomation
    protection

  46. A patient with a broken leg is properly splinted and ready for transport. What other steps could be taken to prevent additional patient discomfort?

    47. Your answer:
    elevate the injured limb slightly
    allow the patient to drink warm fluids
    apply hot packs to the injured limb
    encourage the patient to flex the foot

  47. What type of motion is used to remove a helmet?

    48. Your answer:
    pulling
    up and down
    side to side
    twisting

  48. A cervical collar must NOT prevent the patient or you from:

    49. Your answer:
    lateral movement
    rotational movement
    axial loading of the neck
    opening the airway

  49. You are assessng a patient with a broken femur. Which of the following findings has the greatest potential for serious long-term injury?

    50. Your answer:
    pain at the injury site
    a pale, pulseless lower leg
    an open wound at the injury site
    internal rotation of the leg

  50. A patient with a cervical spine injury may have respiratory failure. What can occur if respiratory assistance is delayed?

    51. Your answer:
    paralysis
    death
    obstruction
    kyphosis

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