Airway Management and Ventilation

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Sustainment quiz for Airway Management and Ventilation (EMT-I level)

  1. Which of the following represents the correct order of the airway structures moving from the mouth towards the lungs?

    2. Your answer:
    bronchi, trachea, pharynx, larynx
    larynx, pharynx, trachea, bronchi
    pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi
    trachea, bronchi, larynx, pharynx

  2. The main laryngeal cartilage is called the:

    3. Your answer:
    erthymoid cartilage
    cricoid cartilage
    thyroid cartilage
    hyoid cartilage

  3. The cartilage that is the narrowest part of the airway in children is the:

    4. Your answer:
    thyroid cartilage
    hyoid cartilage
    cricoid cartilage
    ertymoid cartilage

  4. Stimulation of laryngeal mucous membrance can cause all of the following EXCEPT:

    5. Your answer:
    laryngeal spasm
    hypotension
    bradycardia
    increased respiratory rate

  5. The trachea is maintaned in an open position by:

    6. Your answer:
    cartilaginous C rings
    surgactant
    the Adam's apple
    the carina

  6. Which is the correct order of division in the respirtory tree, moving from the mouth towards the lungs?

    7. Your answer:
    trachea, larynx, carina, bronchioles, bronchi
    bronchia, larynx, carina, trachea, bronchioles
    larynx, trachea, carina, bronchi, bronchioles
    bronchi, larynx, carina, bronchioles, trachea

  7. The lungs are covered by the:

    8. Your answer:
    visceral pleura
    parenchyma
    parietal pleura
    none of the above

  8. The exchange of gases between red blood cells and body tissue is called:

    9. Your answer:
    pulmonary respiration
    cellular respiration
    aceration
    ventilation

  9. The lung tissue receives most of its blood supply from:

    10. Your answer:
    bronchial veins
    pulmonary arteries
    pulmonary veins
    bronchial arteries

  10. In normal respiration, the size of the thoracic cavity can be made larger by contracting the diaphragm and the:

    11. Your answer:
    celtoid muscles
    intercostal muscles
    strap muscles
    abdominal muscles

  11. The exchange of gases across membranes occurs because of:

    12. Your answer:
    active transport
    diffusion
    osmosis
    facilitated transport

  12. Causes of ventilation/perfusion mismatch include all of the following EXCEPT:

    13. Your answer:
    pulmonary edema
    pulmonary embolism
    myocardial infarction
    atelectasis

  13. Increased carbon dioxide production can be caused by:

    14. Your answer:
    fever
    muscel exertion/shivering
    metabolic processes (diabetic ketoacidosis)
    all of the above

  14. During inspiration, the lungs become distended, activating the:

    15. Your answer:
    chemoreceptors
    stretch receptors
    beta receptors
    alpha receptors

  15. The primary stimulus to breathe in patients with chronic lung disease is:

    16. Your answer:
    increased pH
    increased carbon dioxide
    decreased oxygen
    none of the above

  16. A slow, deep inspiration followed by prolonged expiration is called a:

    17. Your answer:
    sneeze
    grunt
    cough
    sigh

  17. In cases of carbon-monoxide poisoning, skin may be:

    18. Your answer:
    cherry red
    jaundice
    syanotic
    pale and diaphoretic

  18. The average volume of gas inhaled in one respiratory cycle is called the:

    19. Your answer:
    alveolar volume
    minute volume
    functional reserve capacity
    tidal volume

  19. The potentially most ominous auscultatory finding is:

    20. Your answer:
    wheezng
    snoring
    gurgling
    silent

  20. Capnography deals with the measurement of:

    21. Your answer:
    exhaled oxygen
    inhaled carbon dioxide
    inhaled oxygen
    exhaled carbon dioxide

  21. The manual maneuver for use with patients with suspected head or neck injury is:

    22. Your answer:
    the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver
    the jaw-thrust maneuver
    Sellick's maneuver
    the modified jaw-thrust maneuver

  22. To prevent regurgitation during attempts at endotracheal intubation, use:

    23. Your answer:
    Sellick's maneuver
    the modified jaw-thrust maneuver
    the head-tilt/chin-lift maneuver
    the jaw-thrust maneuver

  23. One advantage of the nasopharyngeal airway over the oropharyngeal is that it:

    24. Your answer:
    isolates the trachea
    eliminates the possibility of pressure necrosis
    may be used in the presence of a gag reflex
    makes suctioning of the pharynx easier

  24. The single greatest danger of EOA insertion is:

    25. Your answer:
    inadequate ventilation
    esophageal intubation
    tracheal intubaton
    poor mask seal

  25. Contraindications to insertion of an EOA are:

    26. Your answer:
    a patient under 16 years of age
    ingestion of caustic poison
    esophageal disease or alcoholism
    all of the above

  26. The laryngoscope permits visualiztion of the vocal cords by lifting of the tongue and:

    27. Your answer:
    soft palate
    epiglottis
    hyoid bone
    none of the above

  27. A curved blade made for the laryngoscope is the:

    28. Your answer:
    Flagg
    MacIntosh
    Miller
    Wisconsin

  28. The curved laryngoscope blade is designed to fit into the:

    29. Your answer:
    larynx
    oyriform fossa
    vallecula
    epiglottis

  29. The greatest advantage of the straight blade is:

    30. Your answer:
    wider field of vision for intubation
    lessened chance of stimulating the gag reflex
    greater displacement of the tongue
    indirect elevation of the epiglottis

  30. Stylets are a valuable asset when intubating a patient with a:

    31. Your answer:
    short, fat neck
    long, thin neck
    posterior larnyx
    none of the above

  31. The dangers of movement of an endotracheal tube once it is positioned include:

    32. Your answer:
    elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP)
    stimulation of the vallecula
    cardiovascular depression
    all of the above

  32. A catastrophic complication of improper endotracheal intubation is:

    33. Your answer:
    esophageal intubation
    pyriform sinus intubation
    right mainstem intubation
    all of the above

  33. Indications of proper endotracheal intubation include all of the following EXCEPT:

    34. Your answer:
    the presence of bilateral breath sounds
    phonation
    the presence of condensation in the tube
    the absence of abdominal sounds

  34. Evidence of endobronchial intubation includes all of the following EXCEPT:

    35. Your answer:
    gastric distention
    cardiac dysrhythmias
    cyanosis
    poor compliance

  35. The minumum acceptable vacuum level in suctionng units for the prehospital setting is:

    36. Your answer:
    300 mm Hg
    500 mm Hg
    750 mm Hg
    200 mm Hg

  36. An absolute contraindication to oxygen administration in hypoxic patients is:

    37. Your answer:
    COPD
    a premature infant
    ingestion of poison
    none of the above

  37. The only situations in which a bag-valve-mask device should employ a "pop-off" valve are:

    38. Your answer:
    bronchospasms secondary to asthma
    cases of cardiogenic pulmonary edema
    instances of massive pulmonary contusion
    pediatric cases

  38. If an EOA is in place prior to endotracheal intubation, you should:

    39. Your answer:
    remove the EOA before attempting intubation
    intubate through the EOA
    intubate after sweeping the tongue and EOA to the left with the baryngoscope blade
    not bother to intubate, as the airway is secure

  39. Digital intubation can be useful in situations in which:

    40. Your answer:
    a trauma patient has a suspected cervical spinal injury
    entrapment prevents proper positioning
    facial injuries distort the anatomy
    all of the above

  40. The biggest problem with lighted stylet intubation is:

    41. Your answer:
    vagal stimulation
    stimulation of the gag reflex
    ambient illumination
    laryngospasm

  41. All of the following are true of the pediatric airway EXCEPT the:

    42. Your answer:
    glottic opening is lower and more posterior
    vocal cords slant upward
    narrowest part is at the cricoid cartilage
    tongue is larger in relation to the oropharynx

  42. In trauma patients with closed head injuries, the perferred method of intubation is:

    43. Your answer:
    nasal
    lighted stylet
    digital
    rapid sequence with neuromuscular blockage

  43. Blind nasotrachel intubation is contraindicated if the patient:

    44. Your answer:
    is apneic
    is anorexic
    is severly obese
    has sustained a mandibular injury

  44. Both the PtL and the ETC airway:

    45. Your answer:
    can be inserted into either the esophagus or trachea
    can be used in patients under 16
    can be used in patients with a gag reflex
    all of the above

  45. In endotrachael intubation of children, stop the procedure immediately and reinitiate ventilations if the heart rate per minute falls below:

    46. Your answer:
    40
    100
    60
    80

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