active immunity—
immunity to disease resulting from the production of
antibodies.
AIDS (acquired immune deficiency
syndrome)— disease resulting from a disorder
of the immune system by HIV.
antibody— substance
that prevents infection; antibodies are produced by
white blood cells in response to an invasion by an organism
or substance.
bacteriophage— virus
that invades a bacterium.
capsid— outer protein
coat of a virus.
DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)— nucleic acid that carries genetic material and
stores the information needed for protein synthesis.
HIV (human immunodeficiency virus)— the virus that causes AIDS.
host— organism in
which another organism lives, such as a parasite.
immunity— body?s
system of natural resistance to disease.
interferon — substance produced by a cell when
it?s invaded by a virus.
lytic cycle— reproductive
process in viruses in which the host cell is killed.
lysenogenic cycle—
reproductive process in temperate viruses.
microorganism — microscopic organism.
parasite— organism
that feeds off other living organisms.
passive immunity—
immunity that occurs when a person receives antibodies
produced in another person or in an animal that has
developed immunity to the disease.
poliomyelitis— viral
disease causing stiffness and paralysis that may result
in death.
replicate— process
in which DNA molecules form exact copies or duplicates.
RNA (ribonucleic acid)— nucleic acid that reads genetic information carried
by DNA and guides protein synthesis.
temperate virus—
virus that does not immediately cause disease.
tobacco mosaic— virus
that infects tobacco and other plants.
vaccination— process
in which an antigen is introduced to stimulate the immune
system.
virulent— disease-causing
agent that is highly infectious.
virus— tiny non-living
particle made up of hereditary material and protein.
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